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SINDOB
Imposto de Renda: quase 29 milhões de pessoas ficariam isentas se tabela fosse corrigida pela inflação
Imposto de Renda: quase 29 milhões de pessoas ficariam isentas se tabela fosse corrigida pela inflação
Defasagem chega a 148,1%, segundo cálculos de auditores da Receita Federal. Com correção integral, quem recebe até R$ 4.723,78 por mês em 2023 ficaria isento em 2024.
Quase 29 milhões de pessoas que recebem até R$ 4.723,78 por mês em 2023 ficariam isentas do Imposto de Renda em 2024 caso a tabela fosse corrigida integralmente pela inflação. Os cálculos são da Associação Nacional dos Auditores Fiscais da Receita Federal do Brasil (Unafisco).
O número é mais que o dobro (20 milhões de isentos a mais) do que os 8,8 milhões listados atualmente. Na tabela vigente do Imposto de Renda – que não é corrigida desde 2015 –, estão isentos aqueles que recebem até R$ 1.903,98, o equivalente a quase um salário mínimo e meio.
Os cálculos realizados pela Unafisco mostram que a defasagem acumulada chega a 148,1% (a taxa é a diferença entre os R$ 1,9 mil atuais e os R$ 4,7 mil em caso de correção). O percentual considera os ajustes realizados e a inflação acumulada de 1996 – ano em que a tabela do IRPF deixou de sofrer reajustes anuais – até dezembro de 2022.
Apenas no governo do ex-presidente Jair Bolsonaro (PL), a defasagem acumulada foi de 31,49%, segundo os auditores da Receita. A correção havia sido, no entanto, uma das promessas de campanha de Bolsonaro em 2018, o que se repetiu na corrida eleitoral de 2022. O tema também foi explorado por Lula (PT) na disputa pela Presidência.
Já eleito presidente, Lula voltou a defender a isenção do Imposto de Renda para quem ganha até R$ 5 mil, em entrevista à apresentadora da GloboNews e colunista do g1 Natuza Nery. A proposta, no entanto, ainda está longe de ser aplicada.
O projeto mais avançado do governo sobre o tema trata da elevação do piso de isenção do IR, a partir de maio, para quem ganha até R$ 2.112. A alteração será proposta por meio de Medida Provisória, que precisa do aval do Congresso Nacional para se tornar lei.
A defasagem na prática
A defasagem da tabela leva pessoas com poder de compra cada vez menor para a base de contribuição – ou seja, há cada vez mais pessoas obrigadas a pagar imposto, já que os salários tendem a subir para corrigir a inflação (ou parte dela), enquanto a tabela do IR segue igual.
Como consequência da falta de correção da tabela, contribuintes também pagam uma alíquota cada vez maior em relação aos anos anteriores, já que reajustes salariais (ainda que, em muitos caso, abaixo da inflação) podem fazer com que a pessoa entre em outra faixa de renda da tabela do IR.
